The new science standards were implemented by Arizona in 2018. These standards follow A Framework for K-12 Science Education. Arizona is not a NGSS state, but the Arizona standards are similar with a focus on three-dimensional instruction which includes Science and Engineering Practices, Crosscutting Concepts and Core Ideas. The major difference between the AzSS and the NGSS is that Arizona uses an additional research document, Working with Big Ideas of Science Education, in their development of the Core Ideas of Knowing and Using Science. Here is the research Arizona Department of Education utilized to develop the 2018 Arizona Science Standards.